Open demoDemo
UKEN

Glossary

Electricity-market glossary.

Quick reference for terms you'll meet in the workspace, API docs, and regulator references. Missing something? Email us and we'll add it.

Jump to section:Market structurePlatforms and registriesRegulatorsENTSO-E productsUnits of measurementAlvo concepts28 terms

Market structure

Wholesale electricity-market segments where traders and Alvo operate.

  • Day-Ahead MarketDAM#

    Wholesale segment where participants submit hourly buy/sell bids for the next day. Results published by the Market Operator (OREE) around 14:00 Kyiv time.

  • Intraday MarketIDM#

    Continuous trading during the operational day (after DAM clears). Lets participants adjust positions based on updated forecasts or actual demand/generation.

  • Balancing MarketBM#

    Real-time segment where the System Operator (Ukrenergo) buys/sells balancing services. Imbalance prices (positive/negative) apply to deviations between scheduled and actual delivery.

  • Bilateral Contracts MarketBCM#

    Long-term (month/quarter/year) bilateral contracts between participants. UEEX publishes BASE/PEAK/OFF-PEAK indexes as price reference.

Platforms and registries

Ukrainian market infrastructure Alvo integrates with or relies on.

  • Market OperatorOREE#

    SE "Market Operator" — operates DAM and IDM in Ukraine. Publishes hourly prices, indexes, trading results. Site: oree.com.ua.

    → API /api/oree/*

  • Ukrainian Energy ExchangeUEEX#

    Exchange for long-term bilateral contracts and public BCM indexes. Publishes BASE/PEAK/OFF-PEAK as reference.

    → ueex.com.ua

  • XMtrade / PXS#

    Trading venues for submitting DAM (XMtrade) and IDM (PXS) bids. Alvo does NOT submit bids — the trader copies the recommended plan into their venue manually.

  • Ukrenergo (NPC)#

    National Power Company "Ukrenergo" — electricity transmission system operator in Ukraine. Responsible for the balancing market and physical grid stability.

Regulators

Bodies that shape and enforce market rules.

  • NEURCНКРЕКП#

    National Commission for State Regulation of Energy and Public Utilities (Ukraine). Issues DAM/IDM rules, licenses, tariffs.

  • Antimonopoly Committee of UkraineAMCU#

    Investigates anti-competitive actions on the electricity market, including suspected market manipulation (bid coordination, insider trading).

  • ACER#

    European Union Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators. Coordinates REMIT enforcement across EU and (post-coupling) Ukraine.

  • REMIT#

    EU Regulation on wholesale Energy Market Integrity and Transparency. Applies to Ukraine after SDAC coupling on 2026-04-07.

ENTSO-E products

Document types published by the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity. Alvo integrates via the Transparency Platform.

  • A11 — Aggregated cross-border physical flowA11#

    Hourly physical electricity flows between adjacent bidding zones (e.g. UA↔PL). Alvo renders this as the "EU Coupling" card on /app.

    → API /api/coupling/flows

  • A44 — Day-ahead pricesA44#

    Hourly day-ahead prices in each bidding zone's native currency. Alvo shows multi-zone prices (PL/SK/HU/RO/DE) as EU benchmark.

    → API /api/multi-zone/prices

  • A65 — System total loadA65#

    Hourly total load for a bidding zone. Realised (post-fact, A16 processType) or day-ahead forecast (A01). UA TSO does not publish A65 yet — fixture.

  • A75 — Actual generation per typeA75#

    Hourly generation split by type (nuclear, thermal, wind, solar, hydro). Alvo aggregates into the mix on the "UA power system" card. UA TSO does not publish A75 yet — fixture.

  • A85 — Imbalance pricesA85#

    Balancing-market imbalance prices (positive and negative). Alvo uses them to compute the BM risk signal. UA TSO does not publish A85 post-coupling yet — fixture with honest "Demo" badge.

  • EIC#

    Energy Identification Code — standard identifier for a bidding zone or control area in ENTSO-E. UA: 10Y1001C--000182. PL: 10YPL-AREA-----S.

Units of measurement

Numbers that show up in the trade plan, charts, and forecasts.

  • MW#

    Megawatt — instantaneous power (1 MW = 1,000 kW). In flow context: "how much electricity is moving right now".

  • MWh#

    Megawatt-hour — energy delivered/consumed in one hour at 1 MW. Standard billing unit on wholesale markets.

  • UAH/MWh#

    Ukrainian hryvnia per MWh — standard quote currency on DAM/IDM/BM. EU bidding zones use EUR/MWh.

  • rMAE (relative Mean Absolute Error)#

    Forecast-accuracy metric against the seasonal-naive benchmark. rMAE < 1 = model beats naive; rMAE = 0.91 means a 9% improvement.

Alvo concepts

Terms specific to the Alvo workspace.

  • BESS (Battery Energy Storage System)BESS#

    Battery-based energy storage that lets you buy cheap energy overnight and sell expensive energy in the evening. Alvo plans charge/discharge cycles accounting for efficiency, degradation, and cycle budget.

  • Spread#

    Difference between buy and sell prices in distinct hours of the day. Alvo recommends trading only when the spread exceeds a minimum threshold (default 250 UAH/MWh) after fees.

  • AI brief#

    Localized deterministic explanation for the trader: market context, reasons behind recommendations, risks. Ukrainian or English. Pro feature — not available in demo.

  • Risk guardrails#

    Pre-trader-approval checks: sufficient data coverage, no anomalies, valid BESS cycles, human approval for critical actions.

  • Price forecast#

    Probabilistic hourly p10/p50/p90 corridor for the next day from the LEAR (Lasso-Estimated AR) model. Pro feature before OREE day-ahead clears; after clearing, becomes the public price.

  • Tenant#

    Isolated customer workspace (typically a company or sole proprietor). All data is isolated per-tenant: strategy profiles, audit events, API keys, billing. WorkOS organization → Alvo tenant 1:1.

Missing a term?

Email us and we'll add it. We keep this glossary aligned with what's actually shipped — if you see something stale, that's a bug.

hello@alvo.energy